When did DNA testing start?

DNA testing is a revolutionary tool in modern science that has transformed the way we understand our bodies, who we are and where we come from. But when did DNA testing start?

When did DNA testing start?

DNA was discovered in 1869, but it wasn’t until 1953 when scientists revealed DNA’s double-helix structure. In the late 1950s, the discovery of an additional chromosome 21 copy and its implication in Trisomy 21 (Down’s syndrome) shone light onto the link between genetics and specific health conditions.

The first practical application of DNA testing came in the 1980s with the invention of “DNA fingerprinting” by Sir Alec Jeffreys. Initially used in forensic investigations to identify individuals, DNA fingerprinting soon found its way into other scientific fields. Around the same time the introduction of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques revolutionised the field of genetic testing, enabling scientists to copy and amplify small DNA samples. You may be familiar with the term ‘PCR’ since the COVID-19 pandemic, but PCR tests have also been used to detect cancer, tuberculosis and hepatitis C.

Since breakthroughs in the 1980s, DNA testing has evolved rapidly, fueled by advancements in technology and research methodologies. This has allowed the expansion of DNA testing, enhancing its precision, accessibility, and diversity, enabling us to gain deeper insights into what makes us us.

What is DNA testing?

To answer that question, we need to first understand the basics of what DNA is. Think of DNA as the master plan for our bodies that carries all genetic information. Genes are tiny units composed of sections of DNA, each holding crucial information that shapes our traits and operations. Just as an orchestra follows the conductor, our cells follow DNA’s instructions to produce proteins and carry out diverse functions within us. Essentially, DNA serves as the ultimate authority, governing everything from our outward physical appearance to the intricate workings of our internal systems. And everyone’s DNA is totally unique to them (unless you happen to be an identical twin).

DNA testing, or genetic testing, requires collecting a sample of cells (which contain DNA) from a person and analysing it. Different biological materials, such as saliva, blood, hair, amniotic fluid and other tissues can be analysed.

The type of test performed will depend on what information is being investigated:

1. Ancestry DNA tests look at an individual’s DNA to unveil their ethnic and geographic roots. They may offer insights into ancestral lineage and help in tracing family heritage.
   
2. Health-related DNA tests assess genetic variations linked to particular health conditions or traits. These tests may be:
   
   –Diagnostic (Mainly used to identify the cause of an existing disease.)
   – Predictive (Used to determine if someone has traits affecting drug effectiveness or disease development in certain environments. They can aid in treatment planning.)
   –Prognostic (Used to predict future disease risk and likelihood of passing on genetic traits or conditions to children)
   
   They may provide information about someone’s risk of certain diseases like specific cancers, or hereditary disorders such as cystic fibrosis.
   
3. Paternity and relationship DNA tests determine biological connections, including parentage, sibling ties, or other familial relationships. They often serve practical purposes in legal scenarios.

DNA testing with Evergreen Life

Contrary to tests offering insights into disease risk and ancestry, the Evergreen Life DNA Test focuses solely on aspects of your health and wellbeing where behaviour modifications could benefit real health outcomes.

No blood is needed for the Evergreen Life DNA test – all that is needed is your spit. That’s right! By collecting and sending just 1ml of your saliva, you can be provided with evidence-based information and recommendations based on your own unique genetics. The test provides insights into 5 key areas that can affect your health profile: metabolism, fitness, diet, skincare and happiness.

Having a deeper understanding of the variations in your genes empowers you to make meaningful diet and lifestyle choices and changes for the better. This may be customising your exercise regimen, work routine or caffeine intake to better suit your genetic makeup.

As we continually uncover new insights, we’ll update you without requiring additional samples. Your results may evolve over time, offering deeper understanding and guidance.

To learn more about the Evergreen Life DNA test, visit our page to discover the inner you.

‍Get answers. Make changes. See the results. You’re in control.

Reviewed by:

Anna Keeble MA BA Head of Content and Wellbeing Expert

Dr Claire Marie Thomas MRCGP DFSRH DTMH DipNLP MBChB BMedSci Medical Expert

Dr Farrah Leigh Winterbottom Head of Scientific Testing

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